RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory) are two types of memory used in computers and other electronic devices. While both serve as temporary storage for data and instructions, they significantly differ in functionality, purpose, and design.

RAM is a volatile memory type that can read and write data quickly. It stores data and programs actively used by the computer's CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other components. RAM is used to run applications, load operating system components, and store temporary data such as edited data, clipboard contents, and running applications. When the computer is turned off, the data in RAM is lost.

On the other hand, ROM is a non-volatile memory designed to store data permanently. It contains the firmware of electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and others. The firmware is preloaded in the ROM by the manufacturer and can only be read, not written, by the user. The firmware consists of instructions the device uses to perform essential functions such as booting, initializing hardware, and providing a user interface.

The table below summarizes the key differences between RAM and ROM:

In summary, RAM is a temporary storage device used for running applications and storing data, while ROM is a permanent storage device used for storing firmware. RAM is volatile, while ROM is non-volatile, and RAM is faster but more expensive, while ROM is slower but less expensive.